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• Alzheimer Europe
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  • Who we are
    • Our members
    • Our Board
    • European Working Group of People with Dementia
      • Current Members
      • EWGPWD membership
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    • AE Sponsors
    • Sponsorship guidelines
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  • Statutes, rules and regulations
    • Statutes of Alzheimer Europe
    • Rules and Regulations
• Dementia
  • A-Z of dementias
  • Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's dementia
    • Who is affected by Alzheimer's disease?
    • Is Alzheimer's disease hereditary?
    • Is there a test that can predict Alzheimer's disease?
    • How is Alzheimer's disease diagnosed?
    • Is there any treatment for Alzheimer's dementia
  • Other forms of dementia
    • Neurodegenerative diseases
      • Familial Alzheimer's disease
      • Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB)
      • Dementia in Parkinson's disease (PDD)
      • Fronto-Temporal Degeneration
      • Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)
      • Corticobasal degeneration (CBD)
      • Argyrophilic Grain Disease (AGD)
      • Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)
      • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
      • Ataxias
      • Huntington's Disease (HD)
      • Down syndrome
      • Familial British dementia
    • Infectious diseases
      • Human Prion Diseases
      • Aids Dementia Complex (ADC)
      • Syphilis
      • Postencephalitic Parkinsonism (PEP)
      • Herpes Encephalitis
    • Metabolic diseases
      • Thyroid disorders
      • Neuro-degeneration with brain iron accumulation type I (NBIA 1)
      • Cerebral Lipidoses
      • Dementia in hepatic and renal failure
      • Dementia due to chronic hypovitaminosis
      • Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD)
      • Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
    • Traumatic diseases
      • Repeated head trauma
    • Toxic diseases
      • Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS)
    • Cerebrovascular diseases
      • CADASIL
      • Binswanger disease
      • Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA)
    • Other rare causes of dementia
      • Cognitive Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis
      • Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)
• Living with dementia
  • After diagnosis - What next?
    • Diagnosis of dementia
      • Disclosure of the diagnosis
      • Facing the diagnosis
    • Taking care of yourself
      • Developing coping strategies
      • Maintaining a social network
      • Attending self-help groups
      • Accepting help from others
      • Dealing with feelings and emotions
      • Changing roles and how you see yourself
      • On a more positive note
    • Organising family support
    • Dealing with practical issues
      • Financial and administrative matters
      • Driving
      • Safety issues
      • Employment issues
      • Healthy eating
    • Contact and communication
      • Speaking, listening and communication
      • Signs, symbols and texts
      • Personal relationships
      • Talking to children and adolescents
    • Changing behaviour
      • Lack of interest in hobbies
      • Disorientation
      • Managing everyday tasks
    • Keeping an active mind
    • Services
  • Caring for someone with dementia
    • The onset of the disease
      • Diagnosis: should the person with dementia be told?
      • Dealing with emotions
      • Arranging who will be responsible for care
      • Determining to what extent you can provide care
      • How will Alzheimer's disease affect independent living?
      • The needs of younger people with dementia
    • Memory and Communication
      • Memory loss
      • Communication problems
      • Disorientation
    • Daily life
      • Personal hygiene
      • Dressing
      • Eating and drinking
      • Personal relationships
      • Recreation, activities and exercises
      • Safety
      • When the person with dementia lives alone
      • How to help children cope
    • Changes in mood
      • Agitation and nervousness
      • Anger
      • Apathy
      • Brusque changes of mood and extreme sadness or happiness
      • Feeling depressed/having depression
      • Hallucinations and paranoid delusions (false beliefs)
      • Over-reaction
      • Frustration
      • Anxiety and fear
    • Changes in behaviour
      • Aggressive behaviour
      • Clinging and following
      • Embarrassing and odd behaviour
      • Failure to recognise people
      • Hiding/losing objects and making false accusations
      • Repetitive questioning
      • Sexually inappropriate behaviour
      • Sleeplessness and night-time wandering
      • Wandering
    • Medical and physical issues
      • Constipation
      • Dental problems
      • Eyesight
      • Fits
      • Hearing
      • Incontinence (wetting and soiling)
      • Jerking movements
      • Lifting and moving the person with dementia
      • Loss of co-ordination and manual skills
      • Pressure sores (bedsores)
    • Coping with caring
      • Self-help organisations
      • Looking after yourself
      • Caring for the person with dementia in the later stages of the disease
      • Death and bereavement
      • Brain tissue donations
  • Guidelines on continence care for people with dementia living at home
    • Part 1: About Incontinence, Ageing and Dementia
    • Part 2: Continence care at home
      • Acknowledging and coming to terms with continence problems
      • Management of continence problems
      • Assessment of continence problems
      • Addressing the impact of continence problems for people with dementia and carers
  • Personal experiences of living with dementia
    • 26AEC Copenhagen - a travel diary by Idalina Aguiar, EWGPWD member from Portugal and her daughter Nélida
    • Letters to Remember (Ireland)
    • Mojca Hladnik and Matjaž Rižnarič (Slovenia)
    • Raoul Gröngvist and Milja Ahola (Finland)
    • Jean-Pierre Frognet (Belgium)
    • Philip C. (Romania & USA)
    • Ramona Amariei (Romania)
    • Paola (Italy)
    • Helga Rohra (Germany)
    • James McKillop (Scotland)
    • A carer from Spain
    • Hasse and Birgitta Hansson (Sweden)
    • Stewart Cooper (Luxembourg)
    • Roger Newman (UK)
• Policy in Practice
  • European Alzheimer's Alliance
    • Members
    • Alliance activities
      • February 2018 "The prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia"
      • December 2017 "Improving the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease thanks to European research collaboration"
      • June 2017 "Current and future treatment for Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias”
      • June 2017 MEP Sirpa Pietikäinen hosts roundtable in European Parliament on Alzheimer’s disease
      • December 2016 "Comparing and benchmarking national responses to the dementia challenge"
      • September: MEP Ole Christensen praises new Danish national action plan on dementia
      • June 2016: “Using the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) to support the rights of people living with dementia”
      • December 2015: "Dementia, a priority of two EU Presidencies"
      • June 2015: “The World Health Organisation and the World Dementia Council and global action on dementia: what role for the European Union?”
      • December 2014: “Prevention of Dementia: Why & How”
      • February 2014: "The Innovative Medicines Initiative: improving drug discovery for Alzheimer’s disease"
      • December 2013: "Comparing and benchmarking national dementia policies"
      • July 2013: MEP Werthmann hosts a panel discussion on neurodegenerative diseases in the European Parliament
      • June 2013: "Joint Action on Alzheimer Cooperation Valuation in Europe (ALCOVE)"
      • February 2013: “Clinical trials on Alzheimer’s disease: update on recent trial results and the new regulatory framework”
      • December 2012: “Living with dementia: Learning from the experiences of people with dementia”
      • June 2012: "Alzheimer's disease in the new European public health and research programmes"
      • February 2012: "IMI in the spotlight" & "Speeding up drug discovery for Alzheimer’s disease: the PharmaCog project"
      • December 2011: "Public perceptions of Alzheimer’s disease and the value of diagnosis"
      • June 2011: "The Alzheimer Cooperative Valuation in Europe"
      • March 2011: "European activities on long-term care: What implications for people with dementia and their carers?"
      • December 2010: "The Joint Programming of research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (JPND). What progress so far?"
      • June 2010: “Alzheimer’s disease and dementia as a national priority: contrasting approaches by France and the UK”
      • September 2009: "European Action on dementia"
      • March 2009: "Towards a European Action Plan on Alzheimer's disease"
      • December 2008 "The rising cost of dementia"
      • September 2008: Launch of Written Declaration
      • September 2008: "Current and future treatments for AD"
    • MEPs speak out on dementia
      • Heinz K. Becker MEP (Austria)
      • Nessa Childers (Ireland)
      • Jan Andersson (Sweden)
      • Tanja Fajon (Slovenia)
      • Alojz Peterle (Slovenia)
      • Igor Šoltes (Slovenia)
      • Patricija Šulin (Slovenia)
      • Ivo Vajgl ( Slovenia)
      • Dr. Milan Zver (Slovenia)
      • Marian Harkin (Ireland)
      • Marek Plura (Poland)
      • Deirdre Clune (Ireland)
      • Dr Miroslav Mikolášik (Slovakia)
      • Elena Oana Antonescu (Romania)
      • Maria Badia i Cutchet (Spain)
      • Heinz Becker (Austria)
      • John Bowis (United Kingdom)
      • Roberta Angelilli (Italy)
      • Frieda Brepoels (Belgium)
      • Milan Cabrnoch (Czech Republic)
      • Michael Cashman (United Kingdom)
      • Nessa Childers (Ireland)
      • Ole Christensen (Denmark)
      • Brian Crowley (Ireland)
      • Joseph Cuschieri (Malta)
      • Karl-Heinz Florenz (Germany)
      • Françoise Grossetête (France)
      • Maria Eleni Koppa (Greece)
      • Katalin Levai (Hungary)
      • Astrid Lulling (Luxembourg)
      • Jan Tadeusz Masiel (Poland)
      • Marisa Matias (Portugal)
      • Linda McAvan (United Kingdom)
      • Claude Moraes (United Kingdom)
      • Elisabeth Morin-Chartier (France)
      • Marie Panayotopoulos-Cassiotou (Greece)
      • Antonyia Parvanova (Bulgaria)
      • Alojz Peterle (Slovenia)
      • Sirpa Pietikäinen (Finland)
      • Frédérique Ries (Belgium)
      • Dagmar Roth-Behrendt (Germany)
      • Keith Taylor (UK)
      • Patrizia Toia (Italy)
      • Kathy Sinnott (Ireland)
      • Angelika Werthmann (Austria)
      • Glenis Willmott (UK)
      • Corien Wortmann-Kool (Netherlands)
      • Marina Yannakoudakis (UK)
      • Anna Záborská (Slovakia)
      • Dushana Zdravkova (Bulgaria)
    • Past supporters
  • European Parliament Elections 2019
    • EP candidates supporting the #DementiaPledge2019
  • EU Action on Dementia
    • 2018 European Parliament Written Question on the dismantling of the Commission Expert Group on Dementia
    • 2016 European Parliament Written Declaration
    • 2016 Lunch of 2nd Joint Action on Dementia
    • 2015 European Parliament Written Declaration
    • 2015 Council adopts Luxembourg EU Presidency conclusions
    • 2009 Joint Programming (ongoing)
    • 2009 European Alzheimer's Initiative (ongoing)
    • 2009 European Parliament Written Declaration
    • 2008 Council conclusions on combatting Alzheimer's disease
  • WHO action on dementia
    • World Health Organisation (WHO) launches the Global Dementia Observatory ( GDO)
    • On 29 May 2017, the World Health Organisation (WHO) adopted a global plan on dementia
  • National Dementia Strategies
    • Austria
    • Belgium
    • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • Bulgaria
    • Cyprus
    • Czech Republic
    • Denmark
    • Finland
    • France
    • Germany
    • Gibraltar
    • Greece
    • Ireland
    • Israel
    • Italy
    • Luxembourg
    • Malta
    • Netherlands
    • Norway
    • Poland
    • Portugal
    • Romania
    • Slovenia
    • Spain
    • Sweden
    • Switzerland
    • Turkey
    • United Kingdom (England)
    • United Kingdom (Northern Ireland)
    • United Kingdom (Scotland)
    • United Kingdom (Wales)
  • Country comparisons
    • 2018: Comparision of National Dementia Strategies
      • Introduction
      • Development and implementation
      • Human rights and legal matters
      • Diagnosis, post-diagnostic support
      • Informal carers
      • Prevention, DFCs, Awareness
      • Research
      • Other themes
      • Conclusions
      • Acknow. / References
    • 2017: Standards for Residential Care Facilities
      • Introduction
      • Legislative frameworks
      • Physical environment
      • Workforce
    • 2016: Decision making and legal capacity in dementia
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Bulgaria
      • Croatia
      • Cyprus
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Jersey
      • Latvia
      • Lithuania
      • Luxembourg
      • Malta
      • Monaco
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Romania
      • Slovakia
      • Slovenia
      • Spain
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • Turkey
      • United Kingdom (England)
      • United Kingdom (Scotland)
    • 2015: Is Europe becoming more dementia friendly?
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Germany
      • Ireland
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • United Kingdom
    • 2013: The prevalence of dementia in Europe
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Bulgaria
      • Croatia
      • Cyprus
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Estonia
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Hungary
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Jersey
      • Latvia
      • Lithuania
      • Luxembourg
      • Malta
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Romania
      • Slovakia
      • Slovenia
      • Spain
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • Turkey
      • United Kingdom (England, Wales and Northern Ireland)
      • United Kingdom (Scotland)
      • References
    • 2013: National policies covering the care and support of people with dementia and their carers
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Bulgaria
      • Croatia
      • Cyprus
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Jersey
      • Lithuania
      • Luxembourg
      • Malta
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Romania
      • Slovakia
      • Slovenia
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • Turkey
      • United Kingdom (England, Wales and Northern Ireland)
      • United Kingdom (Scotland)
      • General acknowledgements
      • Appendix
    • 2012: National Dementia Strategies (diagnosis, treatment and research)
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Bulgaria
      • Croatia
      • Cyprus
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Estonia
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Hungary
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Jersey
      • Latvia
      • Lithuania
      • Luxembourg
      • Malta
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Romania
      • Slovakia
      • Slovenia
      • Spain
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • Turkey
      • United Kingdom (England)
      • United Kingdom (Northern Ireland)
      • United Kingdom (Scotland)
      • United Kingdom (Wales)
      • Acknowledgements
    • 2011: Restrictions of freedom
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Bulgaria
      • Croatia
      • Cyprus
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Estonia
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Hungary
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Latvia
      • Lithuania
      • Luxembourg
      • Malta
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Romania
      • Slovakia
      • Slovenia
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • Turkey
      • United Kingdom - England
      • United Kingdom - Scotland
      • Acknowledgements
    • 2010: Legal capacity and proxy decision making
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Bulgaria
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Estonia
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Hungary
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Latvia
      • Lithuania
      • Luxembourg
      • Malta
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Romania
      • Slovenia
      • Spain
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • Turkey
      • United Kingdom - England
      • United Kingdom - Scotland
      • Acknowledgements
    • 2009: Healthcare and decision-making in dementia
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Bulgaria
      • Cyprus
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Estonia
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Hungary
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Latvia
      • Lithuania
      • Luxembourg
      • Malta
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Slovakia
      • Slovenia
      • Spain
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • Turkey
      • United Kingdom - England
      • United Kingdom - Scotland
      • Acknowledgements
    • 2007: Social support systems
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Bulgaria
      • Cyprus
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Estonia
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Hungary
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Latvia
      • Lithuania
      • Luxembourg
      • Malta
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Romania
      • Slovakia
      • Slovenia
      • Spain
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • Turkey
      • United Kingdom - England
      • United Kingdom - Scotland
    • 2006: Reimbursement of anti-dementia drugs
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Bulgaria
      • Cyprus
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Estonia
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Hungary
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Latvia
      • Lithuania
      • Luxembourg
      • Malta
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Romania
      • Slovak Republic
      • Slovenia
      • Spain
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • Turkey
      • United Kingdom
    • 2005: Home care
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Bulgaria
      • Cyprus
      • Czech Republic
      • Denmark
      • Estonia
      • Finland
      • France
      • Germany
      • Greece
      • Hungary
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Italy
      • Latvia
      • Lithuania
      • Luxembourg
      • Malta
      • Netherlands
      • Norway
      • Poland
      • Portugal
      • Romania
      • Slovakia
      • Slovenia
      • Spain
      • Sweden
      • Switzerland
      • Turkey
      • United Kingdom
  • Our opinion on ...
    • Advance directives
      • Annex 1 - List of participants
      • Annex 2 - Acknowledgements
    • Anti-dementia drugs
    • Involving people with dementia in research through PPI (patient and public involvement)
    • Participation of people with dementia in clinical trials
    • Policy on collaboration with other organisations
    • Disclosure of the diagnosis to people with dementia and carers
    • Genetic testing
    • The Hague Convention for the International Protection of Adults
    • Participation of people with dementia in research
    • Stem Cell Research
    • Recommendations on how to improve legal rights and protection of people with incapacity
  • Glasgow Declaration 2014
    • Other languages
      • български
      • Český
      • Deutsch
      • Ελληνικά
      • Español
      • Français
      • Hrvatski
      • Italiano
      • Nederlands
      • Norsk
      • Polski
      • Português
      • Slovenščina
      • Slovenský
      • Suomi
      • Svensk
      • Türk
    • Signatories: Organisations
    • Signatories: Policy makers
  • Paris Declaration - 2006
    • Executive Summary
    • Public health priorities
    • Research and medical priorities
    • Care and social support priorities
    • Legal and ethical priorities
• Ethics
  • European Dementia Ethics Network
    • Objectives
    • Structure
      • Organisation of work
      • Working Groups
      • Dementia Ethics Steering Committee
  • Definitions and approaches
    • What is meant by the term ethics?
    • Medical ethics and bioethics in Europe
    • The four common bioethical principles
      • Respect for autonomy
      • Beneficence and non-maleficence
      • Justice
    • Other ethical principles
      • Solidarity and interdependence
      • Personhood
      • Dignity
    • Cultural issues linked to bioethical principles
  • Ethical issues in practice
    • 2018: Intercultural care and support
      • Introduction
      • Understanding dementia and help seeking
      • Diagnosis, assessment and treatment.
      • Support and care
      • Professional and informal carers
      • Conclusions
      • References
      • Members of the expert working group
      • Terms and concepts
    • 2017: Dementia as a disability? Implications for ethics, policy and practice
      • Preface
      • Introduction
      • Disability-related terms and definitions
      • About disability
      • Personhood and the personal experience of disability
      • Human rights and opportunities
      • Care, support, disability and dementia
      • Working towards an inclusive society
      • Conclusions
      • Recommendations
      • Glossary/list of abbreviations
      • References
      • Acknowledgements
      • Appendix – Translations of impairment and disability
    • 2016: Ethical issues linked to the changing definitions/use of terms related to Alzheimer’s disease
      • Foreword
      • Preface
      • Introduction
      • The new AD definitions and the ethical implications of the way we represent health and disease
      • Personal identity and personhood
      • Ethical issues linked to diagnosis, healthcare and research
      • Broader ethical issues at the level of society
      • Conclusion
      • Our position
      • Glossary of terms and abbreviations
      • References
      • Appendix 1: Acknowledgements
      • Appendix 2: More information about the changing definition of AD
    • 2015: Ethical dilemmas faced by professionals providing dementia care in care homes and hospitals
      • Foreword
      • Introduction
      • Caring and coping in ethically challenging situations
      • Vignettes and commentaries
      • Conclusion
      • Building an ethical infrastructure – a message to organisations
      • References/reading list
      • Acknowledgements
      • Appendix 1 – Ethical principles, values and related concepts
      • Appendix 2 – Short examples to describe ethical theories
      • Appendix 3 – Checklist for reflecting on ethical dilemmas and ethically challenging situations
    • 2014: Ethical dilemmas faced by carers and people with dementia
      • Foreword
      • PART 1 - Introduction
      • About ethics
      • PART 2 - Ethical dilemmas from the first possible signs of dementia onwards
      • The period of uncertainty/not knowing (pre-diagnosis)
      • The process of understanding/finding out (diagnosis)
      • The initial period of adaptation (shortly after diagnosis)
      • Living with dementia (getting on with routine life/adapting to challenges)
      • Caring for/receiving care (when increased levels of support are needed)
      • The possible transition into a care home (when continued care at home becomes problematic)
      • Care for a dignified end of life
      • PART 3 - Tackling ethical dilemmas
      • Establish and maintain an on-going dialogue involving everyone involved or concerned about the particular issue
      • Try to understand the issue and seek additional information if needed
      • Try to make sense of people’s needs, wishes and concerns (i.e. what is really important to them or bothering them)
      • Consider and evaluate the ethical principles and values at stake in relation to the individuals involved (including yourself) and the specific situa...
      • Reflect together on possible outcomes which might be good or bad for different people concerned, bearing in mind their lived experiences
      • Take a stance, act accordingly and, bearing in mind that you did your best, try to come to terms with the outcome
      • Reflect on the resolution of the dilemma and what you have learnt from the experience
      • References
      • Acknowledgements
    • 2013: The ethical issues linked to the perceptions and portrayal of dementia and people with dementia
      • Preface
      • Summary/synthesis
      • Introduction
      • How dementia is perceived and portrayed
      • The perception of those who are perceived and portrayed
      • Concluding remarks
      • Guidelines
      • Appendix 1
      • References
    • 2012: The ethical issues linked to restrictions of freedom of people with dementia
      • Preface
      • Introduction
      • Restriction of the freedom to choose one’s residence or place of stay
      • Freedom to live in least restrictive environment
      • The restriction of the freedom to act according to individual attitudes, values and lifestyle preferences
      • The restriction of the freedom to play an active role in society
      • Formal acknowledgements and disclaimer
      • Appendices
      • Glossary
      • References
    • 2011: Ethics of dementia research
      • The dementia ethics research project
      • Background, definitions and scope
      • Involving people with dementia
      • Informed consent to dementia research
      • Protecting the wellbeing
      • Risk, benefit, burden and paternalism
      • Clinical trials
      • Epidemiological research
      • Genetic research
      • Research into end-of-life care
      • The donation of brain and other tissue
      • Publication and dissemination of research
      • Glossary
      • Annexes
      • References
    • 2010: The ethical issues linked to the use of assistive technology in dementia care
      • Background information
      • AT, ethical issues and legislation
      • Ethical issues linked to the use of specific forms of AT
      • Our guidelines and position on the ethical use of AT for/by people with dementia
      • An ethical framework for making decisions linked to the use of AT
      • Annexes
      • Glossary
      • References
    • 2009: Advance directives and personhood
      • Critical interests
      • Personal identity
      • Subjective experience
      • Discontinuity of interests
      • Psychological continuity
      • Existence over time
      • Discussion on ethical principles
    • 2008: End-of-Life care for people with dementia
      • Executive summary and recommendations
      • Our position and guidelines on End-of-life care
      • Acknowledgement
      • Bibliography
  • Database of initiatives for intercultural care and support
    • Afro-Caribbean
      • DemACE (UK)
    • Albanian
      • Association Alzheimer Suisse (CH)
      • Memoni (FIN)
    • Arabic
      • MEMONI (FIN)
      • Alzheimer's Society Resources (UK)
      • Alzheimer Tea House (NL)
      • Support for the Arabic-Muslim community (ISR)
      • DemACE (UK)
    • Bengali
      • Alzheimer's Society Resources (UK)
    • Chinese/Cantonese/Mandarin Chinese
      • MEMONI (FIN)
      • Dementia Wellbeing Service (UK)
      • Alzheimer's Society Resources (UK)
      • Living well with dementia (UK)
      • DemACE (UK)
    • Croatian
      • Helpline (SWE)
    • Danish
      • Helpline (SWE)
    • English
      • ETNIMU (FIN)
      • Living well with dementia (UK)
      • DemACE (UK)
      • Helpline (SWE)
    • Estonian
      • ETNIMU (FIN)
      • MEMONI (FIN)
    • Farsi
      • Helpline (SWE)
    • Hindi
      • Alzheimer's Society Resources (UK)
      • BME Dementia Forum (UK)
      • South Asian Dementia Café – Hamari Yaadain (UK)
      • Living well with dementia (UK)
      • DemACE (UK)
    • Irish
      • Cuimhne: Irish Memory Loss Alliance (UK)
      • DemACE (UK)
    • Italian
      • Doppelt fremd /doublement étranger (CH)
    • Jewish
      • Support for ultra-orthodox and also Ethiopian Jews (ISR)
      • Blog about providing support (UK)
    • Kurdish/Sorani
      • MEMONI (FIN)
    • Live-in (migrant) carers
      • Alzheimer Uniti Onlus language classes (IT)
    • Minority ethnic groups (in general), BAME/BME
      • BME Dementia Forum (UK)
      • Alzheimer's Society Resources (UK)
      • National Forum on Ageing and Migration (CH)
      • Culture Dementia UK (UK)
      • Fusion Care (ISR)
      • DemACE (UK)
      • DemACE Call to Action (UK)
      • Speaking-up-tool (FIN)
    • Polish
      • Dementia Wellbeing Service (UK)
      • Demenz und Migration (DE)
      • NAKMI flyers (NOR)
      • DemACE (UK)
    • Portuguese
      • Association Alzheimer Suisse (CH)
    • Punjabi
      • Dementia Wellbeing Service (UK)
      • Alzheimer's Society Resources (UK)
      • BME Dementia Forum (UK)
      • South Asian Dementia Café – Hamari Yaadain (UK)
      • DemACE (UK)
      • Living well with dementia (UK)
    • Roma, traveller and Bedouin communities
      • ETNIMU (FIN)
      • Irish Travellers in Britain (UK)
      • Support for the Bedouin community (ISR)
    • Russian/former Soviet Union
      • ETNIMU (FIN)
      • MEMONI (FIN)
      • Demenz und Migration (DE)
      • EMDA (ISR)
    • Sami
      • Muitohallat (FIN)
    • Serbian
      • Association Alzheimer Suisse (CH)
      • Helpline (SWE)
    • Sikh
      • Dementia Friendly Gurudwaras (UK)
      • DemACE (UK)
    • Somali
      • ETNIMU (FIN)
      • MEMONI (FIN)
      • Dementia Wellbeing Service (UK)
      • DemACE (UK)
    • South Asian
      • Caring for dementia (UK)
      • South Asian Dementia Café – Hamari Yaadain (UK)
      • DemACE (UK)
    • Thai
      • MEMONI (FIN)
    • Turkish
      • Association Alzheimer Suisse (CH)
      • Demenz und Migration (DE)
      • Alzheimer Tea House (NL)
      • NAKMI flyers (NOR)
      • German-Turkish Alzheimer Twinning Initiative (TUR)
      • You ask, experts answer (TUR)
    • Urdu
      • BME Dementia Forum (UK)
      • Caring for dementia (UK)
      • Dementia Wellbeing Service (UK)
      • Alzheimer's Society Resources (UK)
      • South Asian Dementia Café – Hamari Yaadain (UK)
      • NAKMI flyers (NOR)
      • DemACE (UK)
• Research
  • Clinical Trials Watch
    • Learn more about clinical trials
    • Phase II trials
      • Clinical trials by country
      • Clinical trials by condition
      • ABvac40
      • ACI-24-1801
      • DESPIAD
      • ETHERAL
      • LAURIET
      • LM11A-31-BHS
      • MAPT-CS1
      • VALZ-Pilot
      • Ongoing studies but not recruiting participants
    • Phase III trials
      • Clinical trials by country
      • Clinical trials by condition
      • Brexpiprazole study
      • GAIN study
      • GRADUATE 1 & GRADUATE 2 studies
      • LO-MAPT study
      • NorAD study
      • SYMBAD study
      • 17-AVP-786-305 study
      • Ongoing studies but not recruiting participants
  • Value of Knowing
    • Public concerns about Alzheimer's disease
    • Public attitudes towards people with dementia
    • Public expectations from policy makers
    • Public experiences of Alzheimer's disease
    • Public knowledge of Alzheimer's disease
    • Public beliefs on existing treatments and tests
    • Public attitudes about diagnosis
  • European Collaboration on Dementia
    • Cost of dementia
      • The health economical context (Welfare theory)
      • Health economic aspects of dementia
      • The impact of informal care
      • Cost of illness and burden of dementia
      • Regional/National cost of illness estimates
      • Prognosis to 2030
      • Sensitivity analysis
      • Other European cost of illness estimates
      • Regional Patterns: The societal costs of dementia in Sweden
      • Regional patterns: The economic environment of Alzheimer's disease in France
      • Regional patterns: Economic environment of Alzheimer’s disease in Mediterranean countries
      • Regional patterns: Socio-economic impact of dementia and resourse utilisation in Hungary
      • Conclusions and policy implications
      • Acknowledgements
    • Diagnosis and treatment of dementia
      • Assessment
      • Diagnosis
      • Psychosocial interventions
      • Drug treatment for cognitive symptoms
      • Treatment for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia
      • References
    • Prevalence of dementia
      • Prevalence of dementia in Europe
      • Prevalence of early-onset dementia in Europe
      • Prevalence of dementia in Eastern Europe
      • References
    • Prevention of dementia
      • Cardiovascular risk factors
      • Environmental/nutritional risk factors
      • Biological risk factors
      • Behavioural risk factors
      • Recommendations
      • References
    • Psychosocial interventions
      • References and conclusions
      • Guidelines on psycho-social interventions
      • Key recommendations
      • Potential quality indicators
      • Acknowledgements
    • Social Support Systems
      • Executive Summary
      • General recommendations
      • Specific services and support for people with dementia and carers
      • Examples of good practice
      • Glossary
      • Acknowledgements
      • Bibliography
  • PharmaCog
    • What is PharmaCog?
    • Why PharmaCog?
    • Who are the PharmaCog partners?
      • Academic Partners
      • Pharmaceutical companies
      • SMEs, patient group and regulatory authorities
      • What do the partners bring to the project?
      • Coordination
      • Management approach
      • Collaboration with other projects
      • Who financially supports PharmaCog?
    • How will PharmaCog benefit patients?
    • PharmaCog's Scientific Approach
      • Project Structure
      • Innovation, translation and harmonisation
      • Work Packages
    • Events
    • Publications
    • News & press
    • Key contacts
  • Comparative studies
  • Understanding dementia research
    • Participating in research
      • What is research?
      • Why do we need research?
      • Who can take part in research?
      • Benefits of taking part in research
      • Risks in taking part in research
      • Questions to ask about research
      • Tests used in dementia research
      • Ethical issues
    • Types of research
      • Philosophies guiding research
      • The four main approaches
      • Research methods
    • Clinical trials
      • What is a clinical trial?
      • What are the official requirements for carrying out clinical trials in the European Union?
      • Types of clinical trials
      • Phases of clinical trials
  • Continence care
    • Guidelines
    • What do we need from service providers and policy makers?
    • Conclusion
    • References
• Conferences
  • Bucharest 2020
  • Previous conferences
    • 2019 The Hague
      • Conference blogs
      • Detailed programme, abstracts and poster presentations
      • Social programme
      • Keynote speakers
      • Organisers
      • Conference committees
      • Sponsors
      • Video
    • 2018 Barcelona
      • Videos
      • Conference blogs
      • Patronage
      • Detailed programme, abstracts and presentations
      • Keynote Speakers
      • Conference committees
      • Organisers
      • Sponsors
      • Official carriers travel information
    • 2017 Berlin
      • Welcome words
      • Videos and photo gallery
      • Programme Overview
      • Detailed programme and abstracts
      • Keynote Speakers
      • Organisers
      • Conference committees
      • Sponsors
    • 2016 Copenhagen
      • Patronage
      • Videos and photo gallery
      • Programme Overview
      • Detailed programme and abstracts
      • Keynote Speakers
      • Organisers
      • Conference committees
      • Sponsors
    • 2015 Ljubljana
      • Photo Gallery and Videos
      • Patronage
      • Programme Overview
      • Detailed programme, abstracts and presentations
      • Keynote speakers
      • Organisers
      • Sponsors
      • Conference committees
    • 2014 Glasgow
      • Conference Photos and Videos
      • Programme Overview
      • Detailed Programme, abstracts and presentations
      • Keynote speakers
      • Masterclasses
      • Organisers
      • Sponsors
      • Conference Committees
    • 2013 St Julian's
      • Conference Photos and Videos
      • Patronage
      • Programme overview
      • Detailed programme, abstracts and presentations
      • Keynote speakers
      • Practical information
      • Sponsors
      • Conference Committees
      • Organisers
    • 2012 Vienna
      • Patronage
      • Programme Overview
      • Detailed Programme, abstracts and presentations
      • Keynote Speakers
      • Conference Committees
      • Sponsors
      • Conference Photos and Videos
    • 2011 Warsaw
      • Patronage
      • Detailed Programme, abstracts and presentations
      • Invited speakers
      • Sponsors
      • Conference committees
      • Organisers
      • Conference Photos and Videos
    • 2010 Luxembourg
      • Patronage
      • Programme Overview
      • Detailed Programme and abstracts
      • Keynote Speakers
      • Sponsors
      • Conference Committees
      • Organisers
      • Conference Videos
    • 2009 Brussels
      • Organisers
      • Sponsors
      • Programme
      • Keynote speakers
      • Abstracts and presentations
    • 2008 Oslo
      • Organisers
      • Sponsors
  • Other conferences
• News
  • Alzheimer Europe
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  • Members' news
  • Policy watch
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  • Dementia in society
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  • New publications and resources
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  • Education
• Publications
  • E-Shop
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  • Newsletters
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Last Updated: Friday 06 December 2019